What procedure involves suturing the upper eyelid to the lower eyelid?

The procedure that involves suturing the upper eyelid to the lower eyelid is known as tarsorrhaphy. This surgical technique is primarily used to protect the cornea and improve the ocular surface in cases where patients have insufficient eyelid closure, which might occur due to conditions such as facial paralysis or after certain ocular surgeries. By suturing the upper and lower eyelids together, tarsorrhaphy helps to reduce exposure of the eye, allowing moisture to be retained and decreasing the risk of corneal abrasions or ulcerations.

In contrast, blepharoplasty refers to eyelid surgery aimed at improving the appearance of the eyelids by removing excess skin and fat. Canthoplasty involves reconstructing the lateral canthus (the outer corner of the eyelid), and entropion repair addresses the inward turning of the eyelid, which can cause eyelashes to rub against the cornea. These procedures each serve distinct purposes that do not include the suturing of the upper eyelid to the lower eyelid.